Skeletal System Pathologies: Part 2

**This video is for teaching purposes only. Please consult a doctor for proper diagnosis.
Massage therapist stay within your scope of practice.

►REFERENCE BOOK USED
Massage Therapy: Principles and Practice 6th Edition: https://amzn.to/38iNlBq

►PDF of DESCRIPTIONS BELOW W/ PART 1
https://tinyurl.com/Skeletal-Pathologies

►TIME STAMPS
0:00 Introduction
0:41 Lyme Disease
is a recurring form of arthritis that affects the joints, skin, heart & nervous system. It is caused by a bacteria introduced to the body by a tick bite. It is carried by deer or mice. Massage is contraindicated while client is experiencing system inflammation usually accompanied by fever. Massage can be performed after client has been fever free for at least 24 hours. Treat local rashes & skin lesions as contraindications for massage.

1:59 Osteoarthritis (AKA) OA
is the most common form of arthritis. It is inflammation of the joint capsule & can lead to loss of articular cartilage. It affects both peripheral and central joints of the body. Common causes are trauma, sprains, dislocations, fractures, long term stress, high impact sports and obesity. Always position your client in a comfortable position. Propping up with pillows & bolsters or rolled up towels under the wrists if needed. Massage decreases pain & stiffness, anxiety, depression and reduces stiffness. Movements of the spine and hips are omitted due to deteriorating effects.

4:07 Osteoporosis
is loss of bone density where the spongy bone becomes thin and compact bone is porous. Bones become brittle and weak. It is common in the elderly causing debilitating injuries and fractures. Light pressure is indicated a 3 out 10 on the pain scale. Keep client comfortable supported by pillows and bolsters where needed. Client may not be able to lay comfortable in certain positions. Avoid passive stretching specially of the hip and shoulder joints.

5:53 Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; Runner’s knee
is the softening & degeneration of the articular cartilage on the posterior patella. Commonly seen in young athletes in running sports such as soccer, tennis and cross country. Caused by over use or injury. Flat feet can also contribute to this syndrome. Massage will help to relax tight muscles. It is important to work the Hamstring muscles along with the Quads and Adductors. Keep pain threshold to the clients comfort. Always support with bolsters behind the knee and adjust pressure accordingly. Avoid overstretching the Quads on the affected side. Avoid putting pressure on the popliteal area where blood vessels & nerves go through.

6:50 Rheumatoid Arthritis (AKA) RA
is a chronic inflammation and systemic type of arthritis in which synovial membranes are destroyed. Inflammation spreads to articular cartilages, joint capsules, surrounding ligaments and the underlying bone. This arthritis can be crippling and causes deformity of the bones. Clients have periods of exacerbation and remissions. Avoid massaging areas of subcutaneous nodules. Massage is contraindicated during exacerbation periods. Gentle, slower massage is indicated with a light pressure of 3 out 10. Massage can reduce pain and improve function in the joints. Warm moist heat may be beneficial.

8:35 Scoliosis
is a lateral curvature in the thoracic spine. The lumbar and cervical areas may also be involved. It is classified as either structural or functional. Structural scoliosis is associated with vertebral rotation. This includes congenital malformation of the spine. Functional (Postural) scoliosis is a secondary problem rather than the spine itself. May be caused by leg length discrepancy, trauma, paralysis, chronic spasticity of the back muscles and bad posture. Client may not be able to lay supine for prolonged time. Sideline may be more comfortable. Myofascial release decreases pain and may improve posture. Address the paraspinal muscles along with Rhomboids and trapezius muscles. Overstretching is contraindicated.

10:33 Spondylosis
is Osteoarthritis of the spine. It is more common in the cervical area and lumbar area. Aging process if the most common cause. Intervertebral discs dehydrate and shrink. Massage helps to manage the pain. Make sure you support the clients neck while in the supine position as they may not be able to lay supine for long periods of time.

11:29 Sprain
occurs when ligaments are torn or overstretched. Common in the ankle & knee caused by twisting, trauma or accidents. Do not massage until healed and inflammation has gone down. MCE may be applied. Treat as a local contraindication.

13:46 Temporomandibular disorders (AKA) TMJ
these are disorders that affect the jaw, it’s musculature or joint. Stress can cause grinding of the teeth, sleeping face down with head turned to one side may also cause the jaw to be strained. Prolonged dental work or Trauma or accidents, poor fitting dentures or misaligned teeth. Masseter, Pterygoids, Zygomaticus, Temporalis and all the neck muscles.

#pathology #skeletal

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